GH (General Hardness)

GH measures the amount of dissolved calcium and magnesium in aquarium water, influencing fish health, osmoregulation, and plant growth.

What is GH in aquariums?

GH (General Hardness) measures the concentration of dissolved minerals, mainly calcium and magnesium, in water.

Why GH matters

GH affects:

  • Fish osmoregulation and bone development
  • Invertebrate molting and shell formation
  • Plant nutrient availability

Fish adapted to soft water may suffer in high GH, while hard-water species may struggle in low GH.

Typical GH ranges

  • Soft water fish: 0–6 dGH
  • Community tanks: 6–12 dGH
  • Hard water fish: 12–20+ dGH

What influences GH

  • Tap water source
  • Rocks and substrates
  • Mineral additives
  • Water changes

GH is often evaluated alongside KH and pH for full water chemistry understanding.